The Cash Flow Statement explains changes in cash position over a period. It uses the indirect method, starting from net profit and adjusting for non-cash items and working capital changes.
NET PROFIT (from Profit & Loss)OPERATING ACTIVITIES├── + Non-cash adjustments (depreciation, amortisation)├── − Increase in receivables / + Decrease in receivables├── − Increase in inventory / + Decrease in inventory└── + Increase in payables / − Decrease in payables────────────────────────────────────────────────────= Net Cash from Operating ActivitiesINVESTING ACTIVITIES├── − Purchase of fixed assets├── + Sale of fixed assets└── − Purchase of investments / + Sale of investments────────────────────────────────────────────────────= Net Cash from Investing ActivitiesFINANCING ACTIVITIES├── + Proceeds from loans├── − Loan repayments├── + Share issuance└── − Dividends paid────────────────────────────────────────────────────= Net Cash from Financing ActivitiesNET CHANGE IN CASH = Operating + Investing + FinancingCASH RECONCILIATIONOpening Cash + Net Change = Closing Cash