> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.thredfi.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Profit & Loss Report

> Understanding the Profit & Loss report structure and calculations

## Overview

The **Profit & Loss Report** shows a business's financial performance over a specific time period. It summarizes revenue, expenses, and the resulting profit or loss.

***

## Report Structure

The Profit & Loss report follows a standard income statement format:

```
Revenue
− Direct Costs (COGS)
─────────────────────
= Gross Profit

− Operating Expenses
─────────────────────
= Operating Profit

+ Finance Income
− Finance Costs
─────────────────────
= Profit Before Tax

− Income Tax
─────────────────────
= Net Profit
```

***

## Summary Metrics

All values are in **cents** (divide by 100 for display).

| Field                            | Calculation                                       |
| -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| `net_revenue_cents`              | Sum of Revenue accounts                           |
| `total_operating_income_cents`   | Net revenue + Other Operating Income              |
| `gross_profit_cents`             | Total operating income − Direct Costs             |
| `total_operating_expenses_cents` | Sum of Operating Expense accounts                 |
| `operating_profit_cents`         | Gross profit − Operating Expenses                 |
| `profit_before_tax_cents`        | Operating profit + Finance Income − Finance Costs |
| `net_profit_cents`               | Profit before tax − Income Tax                    |

***

## Detail Levels

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Summary">
    Returns only the calculated totals.

    ```
    GET /v1/.../reports/profit-and-loss/?detail_level=summary
    ```

    Best for dashboards and high-level views.
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Detailed">
    Returns totals plus line item breakdown by account subtype.

    ```
    GET /v1/.../reports/profit-and-loss/?detail_level=detailed
    ```

    Best for detailed financial analysis.
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

***

## Account Subtypes

When `detail_level=detailed`, each subtype group contains individual account line items:

| Subtype Group            | Description                       |
| ------------------------ | --------------------------------- |
| `revenue`                | Sales, service income             |
| `other_operating_income` | Miscellaneous operating income    |
| `direct_costs`           | Cost of goods sold                |
| `operating_expenses`     | Rent, salaries, utilities, etc.   |
| `finance_income`         | Interest earned, investment gains |
| `finance_costs`          | Interest expense, bank fees       |
| `income_tax`             | Corporate tax expense             |

***

## Example Response

```json theme={null}
{
  "business_id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000",
  "start_date": "2024-01-01",
  "end_date": "2024-12-31",
  "currency": "GBP",
  "detail_level": "summary",
  "summary": {
    "net_revenue_cents": 50000000,
    "total_operating_income_cents": 52000000,
    "gross_profit_cents": 35000000,
    "total_operating_expenses_cents": 20000000,
    "operating_profit_cents": 15000000,
    "profit_before_tax_cents": 14500000,
    "net_profit_cents": 11600000
  }
}
```

***

## Related Endpoints

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="Get Profit & Loss Report" icon="chart-line" href="/api-reference/reports/get-profit-and-loss">
    Retrieve Profit & Loss for a date range
  </Card>

  <Card title="Get Profit & Loss Trends" icon="chart-mixed" href="/api-reference/reports/get-financial-summary">
    Periodic Profit & Loss data over time
  </Card>
</CardGroup>